We explain what teaching is and what are the methods and techniques that are used. Also, the types that exist and their characteristics.
What is teaching?
Teaching refers to the transmission of knowledge, values and ideas between people. Although this action is usually related only to certain academic fields, it should be noted that it is not the only means of learning.
Other institutions can be mentioned, such as religious or clubs and also outside of them, be it in family, cultural activities, with friends etc. In the latter cases, teaching ceases to be strictly planned, to take a much more improvised form. However, this does not mean that it cannot have far-reaching effects on that person receive the teachings.
What are your methods and techniques?
In the case of teaching in a much more programmed way, with a specific purpose, the methods and the techniques that are used. Throughout the history Many teaching methods have been developed from different theoretical frameworks.
Some for example suggest very strict strategies, where there is a methodology determined and steps to follow. This type of teaching has been abandoned by many educators to take somewhat more flexible positions, since they consider that their function is to guide their students so that they acquire knowledge.
They understand that it is important to adapt to the circumstances and groups with which you work, not all are the same, nor do they have the same needs or interests.
For this reason, the emphasis is not only on the contents, but on the way of transmitting them. There are those who speak of adapting to the same demands, rhythm and wishes of the students. On the other hand, present options to the students so that they themselves can propose content to be transmitted and the methods that will be used.
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, many thinkers spoke of student participation, so that they incorporate the teachings and transform them. That is why many educators choose activities that please and encourage their students and in turn plan the axes of study focused on their interests. Many times these methods are used since it is known that boredom results in the withdrawal and disinterest of those who should learn.
Teaching techniques can be very varied, for example one is the "interrogation", where knowledge is presented from questions so that the students themselves reflect and raise their previous knowledge. In addition, it usually generates a lot of interest in them. On the other hand, there are expository techniques, these are usually dictated by the same teachers or people who know the subject in depth. It can be stimulated or guided by the question of those interested in learning.
Individual or group teaching
- Individual learning. There are those who propose learning individually. It is considered that the student acquires capacities to function himself more effectively and allowing him to exploit his possibilities. These techniques are widely used in students who have greater difficulties, allowing the contents and times to be adapted to their needs. It also gives educators the possibility to choose topics more according to their personality and tastes.
- Group learning. On the other hand there is group teaching. It allows to become aware of oneself and colleagues, participation and cooperation between them, allows interaction with different people and characteristics, and stimulates abilities for work in group. Although these postures seem somewhat antagonistic, they can be complemented, allowing true learning for the student.