- The internal parts of a computer
- Processor
- Base plate
- Power supply
- RAM
- Hard disk
- Data cables
- Graphics card
- Sound card
- Network card
- Fan
We explain what are the internal parts of a computer and what are the characteristics and functions of each one.
The internal parts of a computer
The computers, computers or computers are one of the most powerful technological tools ever invented by the humanity, whose place in our lives has become increasingly indispensable with the passing of weather. Work, meet people, play, investigate… Everything is done through one of these machines. Here we will talk about its internal components, that is, about the hardware that operates without the need for interference from the Username.
The internal parts of a computer are those that are not commonly exposed to view, but instead form the "guts" of the device hidden within the computer. CPU (of English Central Processing Unit o Central Processing Unit). Its operation is totally essential for the correct behavior of the computer system.
Below we will detail the main components of a computer:
Processor
The processor is an electronic circuit that acts as the arithmetic and logical brain of the computer, since it is there that the billions of calculations per second that sustain the computer are carried out. software whole.
It is easily recognizable in the Base plate, as it is a black square with a small fan on top, since they usually need constant cooling to avoid overloading.
The processors (microprocessors, nowadays) can be of different brands and operate at high speeds, generally measurable in gigahertz (Ghz).
Base plate
Also known as the motherboard, it is the main card of the CPU, where the processor, the RAM memory slots, the ROM modules and where the other cards of the system are inserted directly.
It is a series of circuits on the same platform, which act as the core of the system, integrating its different internal components. It is there where the Firmware is located, that is, the software pre-programmed at the factory in the system.
Power supply
The heart of the system, supplying electric power to the Motherboard and all other components of the CPU, so that they can operate when they are needed and that they can keep certain basic and essential systems running when the computer is off.
RAM
Its name comes from the acronym of Random Access Memory o Random Access Memory. They are a series of modules connected to the Motherboard, where do the programs to be executed, both those activated by the system and those activated by the user. However, everything in RAM will be erased when the system is shut down or restarted.
It should not be confused with ROM memory (from Read-Only Memory, that is, Read Only Memory) that is contained in the motherboard, and from which only data. Neither with the disk storage space.
Hard disk
Also known as a “hard” disk (for translation of Hard disk), this is where the data is stored. information permanent computer system, that is, all the software contained in it, from the Operating system same, even the programs or applications that we install its users.
Being a literacy unit, it is possible to enter and extract data from it, or what is the same, record, read and erase information.
In the past, the hard disk was accompanied by disk reading units, floppy disks or various types of portable secondary storage. All this has disappeared today after the invention of ports USB and portable memories (flash). There are even some models of computers that do not have a hard disk completely.
Data cables
Data cables serve to transmit information between CPU components, in the same way as our veins and arteries do. There are different types of cables, such as the data bus (16, 32 and 64 bits), the IDE cable that connects the disks to the motherboard, or the SATA data cable. They are usually from colors specific and have specific terminals.
Graphics card
The better the video card, the higher the image quality.The video card or video card is a secondary card, connected to the motherboard, which specializes in the processing of information related to video, that is, the emission of images and movement in monitors, projectors, etc.
Depending on its capabilities, therefore, we can have higher image quality and faster animations, or even three-dimensional effects or HD resolutions.
Sound card
Similar to the video card, the sound card is integrated into the motherboard, but its tasks are specialized in the processing of audio signals, that is, in the quality, speed and clarity of the sound and musical emissions that the system is capable of broadcasting, which is key when watching movies, playing games games, etc.
Network card
The third type of card that is usually found embedded in the motherboard is the network card, which is a manager of the computer connections that the system can establish with networks or directly with other computers.
These cards usually incorporate connection ports for telephone or cable cables. optical fiber, and also adapters Wifi or wireless networks, which can be managed by the user using the appropriate software.
Fan
Due to the high current and information traffic within the system, the CPU is a very hot place, so a heatsink is always necessary. heat, fan-shaped.
This appliance extracts the hot air and allows the temperatures internal components decrease, as overheating would stop the system and could even permanently damage some of its delicate components.