We explain what a computer protocol is, its properties and some examples. Also, what is a network and Internet protocol.
What is a computer protocol?
In computing and telecommunications, we are talking about a protocol to refer to a system of norms that regulate the communication between two or more systems that transmit information through various physical media.
In other words, the protocols are idioms o communication codes between computer systems, defined based on a syntax, a semantics and a synchronization, as well as methods error recovery.
It depends on the protocols, then, to make two or more information systems They can communicate effectively and in an orderly manner, that is, they speak the same language. These languages are implemented by hardware or software, or combinations of both, and provides each participant in the communication with an identity and a specific method of information processing.
These protocols can vary enormously and be more or less sophisticated, like secret codes. However, they usually have at least one of the following properties:
- Detection of the underlying physical connection.
- Negotiation of connection characteristics.
- Error correction policy.
- Establishment of the connection and its termination.
- What to do in case of sudden loss of connectivity.
- Strategies security or encryption.
- Message format.
Computer protocol examples
Some examples of protocol in the computing field are:
- FTP (File TransferProtocol). One of the many protocols used to upload or download files at high speeds through a computer network, and that privileges effectiveness over safety.
- DNS (Domain Yam Service). A naming protocol for websites Internet, which allows you to connect your address Url with the specific path where the resources and information to be displayed are found.
- HTTP (HyperText TransferProtocol). Also commonly used on the Internet, it serves to establish the hypertext or informative jumps between one page and another, being also a programming language that allows the design of the pages itself.
- POP (Post OfficeProtocol). Specific for services of email, allows you to retrieve messages stored on a remote server (POP Server), especially in intermittent or very slow connections.
Network protocol
Network protocols are used for communication over computer networks.
Network protocols are specially designed for communication over communication networks. computers, which operate by fragmenting the information sent into small pieces, rather than all at once. The parts are quick and easy to transmit, but stored in their indicated order to preserve meaning and operate together.
These protocols also operate on the basis of different layers, which allow establishing adequate routes to deliver the information to its destination even if there are no direct connections between the sender and the receiver. For this, these layers are managed independently, in two large piles: the one belonging to the transport and the one belonging to the link.
Internet protocol
An internet protocol (or IP,InternetProtocol) is a type of computer communication protocol oriented to bidirectional communication (origin-destination) to transmit switched packets of information, according to the OSI standard data link.
IPs try to route data packets through the best available route, considering how vast the length can be. Internet in our days.
The IP protocols do not guarantee the arrival of the packet to the destination, but they do guarantee the security of its delivery, which is why it is considered a “best effort” datagram service, that is, without guarantees, so that the packets can arrive damaged or in another order. In that sense, they are surpassed by TCP protocols (Transmission Control Protocols).
There are already several versions of this protocol, cataloged as IPvX, the most current of which is IPv4, whose depletion of resources is already driving the creation and use of IPv6. Versions 0 to 3 were reserved and version 5 is experimental.