words esdrújulas

Language

2022

We explain what words are, their characteristics and examples with and without accent marks. Also, what are the words sobreesdrújulas.

The words esdrújulas are less frequent than the serious or acute ones.

What are esdrújulas words?

The words of the Spanish language are divided into syllables. Each covers a sound specific composed of one or more vowels and one or more consonants. For example, the word "grammar"Is made up of" gra- "," má- "," ti- "and" -ca ".

Words can be classified according to where their stressed syllable is located, that is, which of the syllables that compose them has greater emphasis or sound power than the others. Continuing with our example, the stressed syllable of "grammar" is "-má" (the accent makes it easier for us to recognize it).

That is, depending on the position in which said stressed syllable is found within the word, we can distinguish between three main categories:

In the case we are interested in, the stressed syllable of "grammar" is found in the third to last syllable, so it is an esdrújula word, technically known as proparoxytone words.

The words esdrújulas are exceptional and much less common in the Spanish language, at least in comparison with the bass and treble, which make up almost most of the words in our language. Partly because only words of three syllables or more can be esdrújulas. In general, they carry a tilde in their stressed syllable, regardless of their ending.

Examples of esdrújulas words

In the words esdrújulas the stressed syllable almost always carries an accent.

A list of examples of esdrújulas words includes the following:

  • "Phone" (te-lé-fo-no)
  • "Music lover" (me-ló-ma-no)
  • "Empirical" (em-pi-ri-co)
  • "Trees" (trees)
  • "Fertile" (fér-ti-les)
  • "Esdrújula" (es-drú-ju-la)
  • "Unusual" (in-só-li-to)
  • "Pyrrhic" (pyrrh-co)
  • "Zócalo" (zó-ca-lo)
  • "Iceberg" (tém-pa-no)
  • "Camera" (camera-ma-ra)
  • “Parish priest” (par-rro-co)
  • "Petal" (pe-ta-lo)
  • "Unfriendly" (an-ti-pá-ti-co)
  • "Impetus" (im-pe-tu)
  • "Pale" (pa-li-do)
  • "America" ​​(A-mé-ri-ca)
  • "Liver" (h-ga-do)
  • "Valid" (vá-li-do)
  • "Wednesday Wednesday)
  • "Phosphorus" (phos-fo-ro)
  • "Machine" (machine)
  • "Oxygen" (o-xí-ge-no)
  • "Characteristics" (ca-rac-te-rís-ti-cas)
  • "Army" (e-jér-ci-to)
  • "shut up, shut up)
  • "Give it to me" (give it to me)
  • "Oxymoron" (o-xí-mo-ron)
  • “Wash” (la-come-se)
  • "Atavistic" (a-tá-vi-co)

Words esdrújulas without accent

The esdrújulas are always accentuated, with the exception of a very reduced group of words corresponding to the adverbs so ending in -mind, whose root is composed of a adjective. For example: "quickly" (ve-loz-ment-te). None of these adverbs will be accentuated, despite being all esdrújulos, as in:

  • "Originally" (o-ri-gi-nal-men-te)
  • "Boldly" (au-daz-men-te)
  • "Popularly" (po-pu-lar-men-te)
  • “Equally” (i-gual-men-te)
  • "Medicinally" (me-di-ci-nal-ment-te)
  • "Vertically" (see-ti-cal-men-te)

Words esdrújulas and sobreesdrújulas

Overdrug words are usually the result of compositional processes.

Just as there are esdrújulas words, there are a few particular cases in our language of long words whose stressed syllable is located in the position prior to the penultimate, that is, one or more spaces before the penultimate, and these words are known as sobreesdrújulas.

Like esdrújulas, they are always accentuated, and are usually the result of different processes of composition or unification of words. For example:

  • "Tell him" (say-ga-se-lo)
  • "Only" (ú-ni-ca-men-te)
  • "Keep it" (what-gives-you-it)
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