We explain what a chimera is and what is the origin of the term. Also, what is its meaning in architecture, in mythology and in biology.
What is a chimera?
Normally, when we say that something is a chimera, or that someone pursues chimeras, we refer by this term to something that does not exist, an illusion or something that appears to be what it really is not. It is what is also understood by the adjective chimerical, and it's a word inherited from greek khimaira, with which in the Ancient Greece they called for a certain class of fantastic beings whose lives were barely a winter long.
Thus, the majority use of this word has to do with the ephemeral, the fallacious, the illusory, that which ends up being very different from what was promised. However, a second meaning is derived from the description that the ancients made of this mythological monster, to which they attributed human and animal parts.
Consequently, in certain contexts a chimera or something chimerical has to do with the hybrid, that which is composed of different parts or that exists on the border between different species. This use is especially common in the biological sciences.
In other areas, such as architectureChimeras are known as certain decorative figures located in buildings, also called gargoyles, and that usually have animal or monstrous features; and also to certain hybrid systems of fusion of systems or pieces.
Chimera in mythology
According to mythological sources from Greek Antiquity, the chimera was a fabulous-looking monster, a mixture of different animal species and human features.
In some cases it is described as having the body of a goat, the tail of a serpent and the head of a lion, or even having three different heads: a lion, a goat, and a dragon or serpent. Almost always it is attributed a breath of fire and is associated with the feminine, that is, it was a female monster.
Some sources say that the chimera was the result of the union between Echidna and Typhon, two other monstrous beings from mythology, and in others it would be the offspring of the Hydra of Lerna. It is assumed that the creature roamed Asia Minor, eating entire herds and sowing terror among the settlers, until the king of Lycia, Yóbates, commissioned the hero Bellerophon to kill him. The latter killed the beast riding the famous Pegasus, the mythological winged horse.
Chimera in biology
In biology In medicine, we speak of chimerism to refer to a genetic condition in which two independent zygotes end up merging in the womb, each with its own DNA respective. Thus, they give rise to an individual who possesses two types of cells their own, each with its own genome, as if it were two people in the same body.
This condition can occur in different margins, that is, different percentages of mixing of the two genomes, and although the remaining individuals develop normally, their condition can bring medical problems (allergies, sensitivities) or, in the case of society human, legal (for example, in demonstrations of paternity and maternity).