eyeball

Something like his eyeball "means that this something is very valuable for someone. Seeing is one of the five senses of a person. It is already present in the womb and unfortunately it decreases with age.

What is an eyeball?

The greater part of the Eyeball , Latin Bulbus oculi called, lies in the eye sockets and is protected by them. It owes its name to its apple-like shape. The front, flattened side is visible and widens towards the rear. The stem forms the optic nerve, which lies directly in the middle. With the help of the coloration, professionals can identify diseases from which the person is suffering.

Where the eyeball is normally white, yellowish discolorations indicate a disease of the liver or gall bladder. Bloody deposits, the so-called petechiae, also indicate damage to the liver. The examination of the eyeball is not only part of the normal course of an examination for conventional doctors. Alternative medicine also uses it for diagnoses.

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The globe oculi is only 2.5 cm in diameter, but is one of the most important organs in the human body. Even irritations in the brain can be recognized by looking at the eyeball.

Anatomy & structure

The eyeball is surrounded by a thick layer of fat and lies in the bony eye socket. The eyelids ensure a permanent supply of moisture. This not only moisturizes the eye, but also cleans it evenly.

Closing the eyelids does not only work when there is impending danger. It also prevents the eyes from drying out during sleep. Eyelashes and eyebrows are additional mechanisms that trap foreign objects and keep them away from the eye. Over the entire eyeball is a hard shell known as a dermis.

In the front part it encloses the transparent cornea and in the back it ensures optimal protection of the optic nerve. The conjunctiva, which not only covers the dermis in the area of ​​the fissure of the eyelid, is located at the front edge. It also extends a little way behind the eyelids.

When the eyelids are closed, a closed sack is created that protects the eyeball. The conjunctiva is continuously wetted with tear fluid. The lids ensure that this liquid is transported to the back of the eye.

The high salt content of the tear fluid kills all harmful bacteria. The visible part of the eyeball encloses its most important component: the lens. It is vascular and consists of a solid core and a layer of bark.

Function & tasks

The function of the eyeball includes different tasks. The image-taking part, i.e. seeing, takes place in the retina. It is a thin and very sensitive skin that lies directly on the wall of the eyeball. When looking at the rear part, the fundus of the eye, a round and white colored spot is noticeable.

Also noticeable are reddish strands that branch out from here and disappear towards the inside of the head. It is the optic nerve disc. It does not contain light-sensitive sensory cells and is therefore known as the "blind spot". The "yellow spot" is located in the back of the eyeball. This ensures sharp vision.

This is possible because the retina is very thin here and light rays can penetrate without any problems. These light receptors consist of two different cells. The rod-shaped ones are responsible for the distinction between light and dark. Cones, on the other hand, ensure that color differences can be recorded. Nerve cells that are connected in series ensure that the impulse is sent directly to the brain.

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Illnesses & ailments

Everyone knows that eyesight deteriorates with age. There are aids for this that make poor eyesight almost invisible. Contact lenses and glasses are offered in many variations and they can reduce the shortcoming to a minimum.

But not only these tools contribute to a normal life is possible. Cataracts is a common disability. The lens of the eye becomes cloudy and the affected person can only see blurred. The cause of the disease is related to age. It occurs very rarely in young people. Outpatient surgery performed under local anesthesia can provide relief for those suffering from cataracts.

This also applies to the diagnosis of "glaucoma". Here the optic nerve is damaged and patients complain about the impairment of sharp vision. Often, glaucoma is the cause. This presses on the inside of the eyeball. An improvement in vision is not possible despite the operation. However, this can significantly slow the progression of the disease.

Macular degeneration primarily affects the retina in the back of the eyeball. This is where the "yellow point" lies and if it is damaged, it results in a loss of vision in the peripheral field of vision. The first symptoms are distorted or blurry images. As a result, both reading and recognizing people are becoming increasingly difficult.

Not only older people are affected. Young people can also inherit this disease as a genetic material. It is important that the ophthalmologist is consulted at the first signs. This is able to initiate therapy. Even if it doesn't heal. The progression of the disability can at least be stopped.