We explain what evolution is and what the theories about the evolution of species according to Darwin and religion, among others, consist of.
What is Evolution?
The concept of evolution refers to change condition that gives rise to a new form of a certain object of study or analysis. It is important to note that the evolutions are gradual processes, changes that occur gradually and that can be observed only through the passage of weather.
The term evolution has its most basic use in the field of biology, in particular to refer to the emergence of the species that inhabit the world, but also has corresponding uses to other Sciences.
The biological evolution is produced by modifying the composition genetics, derived from the need to adapt to the environment where the living beings. All natural species have had evolutions, and those that have not been able to carry out these processes they have been extinguished.
This evolutionary process began in the sea primitive, where the life first, and from that the molecular compositions were altered, conserving certain similarities that allow to account for the complete evolutionary chain.
What are the theories that explain evolution?
The man He has approached this evolution in different ways to explain it in a way that fits in with his interpretation of the world. Let's look at some theories that have had greater or lesser acceptance within the societies:
- Theory of acquired characteristics. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck assumed that the characteristics acquired throughout the existence of an individual would also be characteristics of his descendants, giving a very important role to what we know as inheritance. The habit, as in the case of the first giraffes stretching their necks to get the food, ends up predominant in the entire species.
- Theory of mutations. Gregor Mendel proposed a very strong theory regarding this inheritance, differentiating the recessive genes from the dominant ones. This is how the theory of mutations. With this term we speak of the permanent changes in the genetic material of a cell, which can occur due to the action of mutagenic agents or due to errors in the copy of the genetic material during the processes of cell division. Mutations were believed to introduce new species, being the quintessential source of evolution.
- Religion. Religion has for centuries had a position against all evolutionary theories. The first answer has always been creationism, the direct interpretation of the Bible that explains the origin of species through God or a similar figure that creates them. With the passage of time and the increasingly strong evidence for evolution, religious scientists have drifted away from this categorically creationist doctrine.
- Darwin's Theory of Evolution. The theory that obtained the most consensus within the community scientific was that of Charles Darwin, who speaks of natural selection among the organisms alive, as most fail to survive. The consequences of this selection are of adaptation and diversification, and a constant struggle of the species in which only the strongest will survive. This position was later supplemented by Wallace, who raised the question of the dynamics of these changes and of the common ancestor of all species. The combination of these two positions is, without a doubt, the one agreed upon by the majority of the scientific community today, due to its completeness in explaining the processes that all species went through.
In the case of the human race, there is an evolutionary chain that begins, it is believed, more than 5 million years ago with Australopithecus, and a series of hominids that gradually abandon the characteristics of the monkey and take those of the human being (species known as Homo Sapiens Sapiens).
The term was extrapolated and we speak of evolution to refer to other things that are not limited to the biological, among which is the physical (describing the movement of an object as the evolution in time of its place in the space), the psychology (who believes that evolution is the change of a conduct or attitude) wave epistemology (which attributes the concept to transformations in theories or ideas).