Krperprozesse

The cell cycle is a regularly occurring sequence of different phases in a body cell. The cell cycle always begins after the cell divides and ends when the next cell division is completed.

The entire cell cycle is controlled by a control system. At a cell cycle checkpoint, critical processes and phase transitions that take place within a cell cycle are regulated.

The appearance of an organism is called a phenotype. The phenotype is shaped both genetically and by the environment. Natural phenotypic changes in an organism are usually caused by environmental influences

Competitive inhibition is the inhibition of an enzyme or receptor by so-called antagonists or inhibitors. These are substances that have the same chemical structure as the body's own substance that binds to the target structure

Life expectancy is calculated on a statistical basis and always relates to a population in the same geographical area with the same living conditions. It is determined using mortality tables. Besides, life expectancy is

The physician understands cell regeneration to be the body's own ability to reject irreparable cells and thus to heal damaged tissue with the help of newly produced cells. This process takes place in the course of cell division

Reproduction is part of human and animal life and ensures the conservation of the species. Reproduction takes place when two people have a child together.

Ontogeny is the development of an individual being and differs from phylogeny, which is known as phylogenetic development. The concept of ontogenesis goes back to Ernst Haeckel. In modern psychology and medicine

During mineralization, mineral substances are stored in hard tissue such as teeth or bones for hardening. There is a permanent balance between mineralization and demineralization in the body. If there is a mineral deficiency or otherwise

The liver is the largest gland in the human organism. It is also a vital organ, as the liver metabolism is at the center of the entire metabolism.

Gluconeogenesis ensures the new synthesis of glucose from pyruvate, lactate and glycerine in the body. This ensures the organism's glucose supply in times of hunger. Disturbances in gluconeogenesis can lead to dangerous hypoglycaemia f

The term catabolism encompasses all metabolic processes in the body, in the course of which the complex and sometimes high-molecular proteins, carbohydrates (polysaccharides) and fats are broken down into their simpler components - mostly with energy production

The breakdown of fat, also called lipolysis, takes place mainly in the fat cells (adipocytes). The most important function of lipolysis is to generate energy. But there are also disturbing influences that inhibit fat loss.

The process of making hormones is called hormone synthesis. Hormones are biochemical messenger substances that are released by hormone-producing cells and cause certain effects on target cells.

The female cycle or menstrual cycle is understood as the monthly menstrual period of women. Its length averages 28 days.

The oral phase is a developmental stage in the child's first year of life when they explore their environment with their mouth. During the oral phase, the baby tries to put all kinds of objects in his mouth.

Vasculogenesis is a process of embryonic development in which the vascular system is created from endothelial progenitor cells. Vasculogenesis is followed by angiogenesis, which causes the first blood vessels to sprout. In the broadest sense

The pulmonary circulation, also known as the small bloodstream, is part of the human cardiovascular system. It regulates the transport of blood between the heart and the lungs and is used for gas exchange, i.e. the absorption of oxygen into the blood and the

In biology, proliferation is understood to mean the reproduction and growth of cells. The cells multiply through cell division and grow through growth to their genetically intended size and shape. The proliferation plays

The human body is regenerative and recovers through rest, nutrition and targeted exercise. Most of the human cells renew themselves at regular intervals. This process of regeneration is genetically determined, but is also used by