Laboratory Values

Opsonine is the umbrella term for various proteins. For example, opsonins occur as antibodies or complement factors and as such are involved in the body's immune response. Opsonins play a role in numerous diseases, among which

The C-reactive protein (CRP) is part of the immune system and mediates unspecific immune reactions. It can serve as a marker for inflammatory processes in the organism, whereby the focus of inflammation cannot be specified and localized

Phospholipids play a key role in the structure of cell membranes. They are complex lipids that contain a phosphoric acid ester bond. In addition, they are amphiphilic because they have a hydrophilic and a lipophilic area.

Interleukins are a subgroup of cytokines, cellular messenger substances that control the immune system. The interleukins are short-chain peptide hormones with 75 to 125 amino acids. They mainly control the local use of leukocytes

About half of all proteins in the human body are glycoproteins. The substances play a role as cell components as well as immune substances. They are mainly formed in what is known as N-glycosylation and can be used in

Serine is an amino acid that is one of the twenty natural amino acids and is not essential. The D-form of serine acts as a co-agonist in neuronal signaling and may play a role in several

While cholesterol plays an important role in the human body as a natural substance, it also harbors health risks. Various diseases are associated with high cholesterol levels. Also read the article on this

As an enzyme in the pancreas, trypsin is responsible for the further breakdown of food proteins. It works in the strongly alkaline range. Trypsin deficiency leads to protein deficiency in the body due to the impaired protein digestion

Trace elements are components of food that are only found in very small quantities in the human body. They should not be confused with the minerals. Still, most of them have vital functions: They are designed for incorporation into constituent parts

Chymotrypsin B is one of the digestive enzymes. It is produced by the pancreas and plays an important role in the digestion of proteins.

Tetrahydrofolic acid, as coenzyme F, plays an important role in the transfer of carbon in the organism. It is synthesized from folic acid (vitamin B9). A lack of THF triggers, among other things, pernicious anemia.

Rheumatic diseases were successfully treated with pregnenolone, the precursor of various steroid hormones, as early as 1940. It is one of the hormones that effectively increase brain performance and is considered the ultimate anti-aging agent. Since the 1980s

Cobalamins are chemical compounds that belong to the vitamin B12 group. They occur in all organisms. They are only synthesized by bacteria.

Estradiol is a sex hormone. Its German name is estradiol and it is one of the most important natural estrogens alongside estrone and estriol. Its chemical molecular formula is C18H24O2.

Prostacyclin is a tissue hormone that belongs to the series 2 prostaglandins. The hormone is mainly produced in endothelial cells of the blood vessels and in cells of the smooth muscles from arachidonic acid.

The cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a molecule that emerges from the adenosine triphosphate from a biochemical point of view. In many cases, cyclic adenosine monophosphate is simply referred to by the abbreviation cAMP. The molecule

Lactose (also: lactose) is a type of sugar found in the milk of all mammals. It is of great importance for the nutrition of babies and is broken down in the body with the help of the enzyme lactase. With a lack of lactase, which after the

Keratins are special substances. They occur in both the human and animal organism. The term "keratin" comes from the Greek and means "horn". This is why the amino acids that are important for the body are also called horn cells.

The transfer RNA is a short-chain RNA which is composed of 70 to 95 nucleobases and, in the two-dimensional view, has a clover-like structure with 3 to 4 loops.

Dihomogammalinolenic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that plays a major role in regulating inflammatory processes. It is also an important part of our cell membranes. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential