socialization

The socialization is the constant adaptation to emotional and thought patterns within social communities. According to the socialization theory, humans are only viable through socialization. Socialization problems can therefore cause mental and psychosomatic illnesses, but can also be a symptom of them.

What is the socialization?

Everyone is influenced by the emotions and thoughts of those around them. The adaptation of human emotional and thought patterns to the patterns of the environment takes place through the internalization of social norms. This process is known as socialization. Socialization is on the one hand the social bond with the environment and on the other hand personal development in interaction with the environment.

The individual learns his way of thinking and acting from his environment. There is no other option for him, because he is always in an environment. In this way he also coordinates with her.

Individuals therefore tend to behave in accordance with the norms and values ​​that are currently in force. When socialization is successful, the individual internalizes norms, values, representations and social roles of the environment.

Successful socialization corresponds to a symmetry of subjective and objective reality. The perception of reality and one's own identity is thus not least shaped by society.

In the 1970s, an interdisciplinary theory of socialization developed. Many sources differentiate between primary, secondary and tertiary socialization depending on the stage of life.

Function & task

Socialization is the totality of socially mediated learning processes and allows the individual to participate in social life and contribute to its development. The process is to be understood as a lifelong process. Socialization thus arises from human coexistence and is expressed in the individual's social relationships.

Personal individuation must be brought into harmony with social integration for socialization. The ego identity cannot be secured in any other way. The social environment and the innate individual factors are in interplay in socialization.

The human being develops into a socially capable individual only in the context of socialization, who develops lifelong by dealing with his own life. Above all, the individual deals with physical and psychological abilities for a lifetime. He tries to bring this inner reality into harmony with the social and physical environment and thus the outer reality.

Primary socialization takes place on the newborn and describes the foundations for fitting into the world. A basic equipment with life and world knowledge is imparted with this first socialization. Only with this basic equipment can humans gain a foothold in the world. The internalization of perceptions of the social environment arises initially primarily through basic trust in the parents or the caregivers who take care of the upbringing.

With secondary socialization, the individual is faced with the task of making something of his life. The establishment of contact with a world outside of the primary socialization environment begins. From this point on, the world is divided into a multitude of sub-worlds and shaped by knowledge and ability. Secondary socialization begins in something with kindergarten or school. From this, the individual must acquire role-specific skills in order to find their way around the sub-worlds.

Tertiary socialization occurs in adulthood and corresponds to constant adaptation to the social environment and thus the acquisition of new behaviors and thought patterns. The knowledge and skills learned in this way serve to survive in society.

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Illnesses & ailments

Almost all severe physical and mental illnesses can be associated with socialization problems. An illness throws people off course and can find it difficult to find their way into social contexts.

An example of an illness with socialization problems is ADHD. This is a disorder that affects around ten percent of all children and adolescents. The disease can have serious consequences for behavior and performance. Difficulties in maintaining attention, restlessness, instability and impulsive behavior shape the picture. Many of the children and young people affected suffer from learning difficulties and social problems such as secondary socialization problems.

However, socialization difficulties are not only a symptom of many illnesses, but can also have an original connection, especially with mental illnesses. Difficulties in primary socialization in particular can lead to numerous disorders of the psyche.

A disturbed or disappointed basic trust, for example, is often the basis for mental disorders. Due to the disappointed basic trust, individuals find it difficult to find a place in their own family. This makes it all the more difficult for them to find their place in the world within the framework of secondary socialization. Addictions or psychoses can be the result.

Ideally, people are happy in the family and find space in it for self-development and the satisfaction of emotional needs. When children grow up with serious family problems, they often suffer from personal and interpersonal difficulties due to the disrupted family structures.