economic sciences

Economy-And-Finanzas

2022

We explain what the so-called economic sciences are, and who uses them. Branches, objectives, importance and examples.

The economy always seeks to improve the living conditions of societies.

What are economics?

It's called economics or simply economy to social science that studies the modes of organization of societies to satisfy their needs over time, through the set of always scarce and finite goods and resources.

In other words, it is about the study of the production, extraction, exchange, distribution and consumption of goods and services in a society and a specific time, as well as the contexts that accompany all economic activity, such as the government, the management, society, finances, culture, etc. All areas in which the economy has more or less applications.

We can say that the economy is interested in the different dynamics of the circulation of goods in society, so it presents a very broad and diverse approach, which incorporates knowledge from different disciplines, as the psychology, the sociology, accounting, philosophy, the politics, the right and the math.

Objectives of economics

The objective fundamental of the economy is always to improve life conditions of societies, through understanding their processes financial and consumption, which can thus be made more efficient and democratic.

This obviously happens both through an "experimental" economy, which pursues concrete solutions, and through a more philosophical and historical one, which addresses the issue from a more general perspective.

Importance of economics

The economy is one of the main fields of study of modern society, as we have said, given the importance of the organization and control of the dynamics productive in a world that promises to be increasingly complex from a financial and social perspective.

The Industrial Revolution of the 19th century and, later, the globalization economics of the late twentieth century, generated an important emphasis on economics, given the need to think methods production and distribution of wealth in a world increasingly populated by Humans.

Examples from economics

Possible examples of economics are each of its many applications, such as:

  • Economic geography. The study of the extraction and commercialization processes of natural resources Y raw material, or processed goods and services, from a perspective geographic.
  • Political economy. Study of the reciprocal relationships between financial market processes and the political, anthropological and social dynamics of a nation or region or humanity.
  • Management of companies. The discipline in charge of promoting and understanding the dynamics of control and conduction of the productive processes of the different human, public or private organizations.
  • Philosophy of economics. Branch of philosophy that studies the principles and moral aspects of economic activity, and proposes theories for its proper and ethical approach.

Types of economics

Macroeconomics studies the economy of nations and the entire globe.

There are important distinctions in economics, which constitute specialized approaches to its knowledge, such as:

  • Economic theory. The study as a system of the economy, comparing in the abstract its dynamics, philosophical principles and theories of behavior.
  • Applied economics. Seeks to use the tools of economics to solve problems punctual in the nations.
  • Macroeconomy. Study the economy of nations and the entire globe, understanding it as a chain system that affects each other.
  • Microeconomics. It studies the performance of the different economic actors, such as Business, the Condition, individuals, etc. on a scale below the nation.
  • Normative economics. Study economic processes as a norm, that is, as "it should be."
  • Positive economy. It studies the economic processes as they currently are, that is, as they "are".

Who uses economics?

Economists are the ones who undertake the study of this knowledge and handle the largest number of theories and references in the area. However, economics provides a fundamental service to other academic disciplines and analytical perspectives such as politics, history, management, finance, and even sociology.

The economic aspect is always one of the usual dimensions of analysis of the reality human, as well as cultural, historical or biological. In fact, the school of philosophy Marxist, heir to the postulates of Karl Marx and his dialectical materialism, consider that the economy is the elementary factor for the study of history, since it would be mobilized towards change by the class struggleIn other words, the tension between the strata of society to control the dynamics of production of goods and services at their convenience.

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